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1.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(2): e85-e88, abr. 2017. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838343

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones esofágicas o gástricas secundarias a la ingesta de sustancias cáusticas siguen siendo un problema importante en los países en vías de desarrollo. El espectro clínico puede variar desde la ausencia de una lesión en la mucosa hasta complicaciones tales como quemaduras graves, estenosis y perforación. El examen físico y la evaluación endoscópica inicial son sumamente importantes para el diagnóstico. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los casos de 154 niños sometidos a una endoscopía digestiva alta debido a la ingesta de sustancias cáusticas, entre otras, desincrustante químico, desengrasante, lavandina no rotulada, limpiador de tuberías de desagüe, limpiador de superficies, abrillantador de vajilla y ácido clorhídrico. Se observaron signos orofaríngeos positivos en 69 niños. Con la endoscopía inicial, se hallaron quemaduras en 63 niños; en 40, las quemaduras eran graves. Durante el seguimiento, se produjo estenosis en 20 niños, que fueron incluidos en el programa de dilatación. Entre ellos, fue posible dilatar e inyectar corticoides intralesionales satisfactoriamente a 14 niños. Sin embargo, tres niños fueron sometidos a una interposición de colon, y otros tres, a una gastroduodenostomía y gastroyeyunostomía.


Esophageal or gastric injuries secondary to caustic substance ingestion is still an important issue in developing countries. Its clinical spectrum can vary from absence of mucosal injury to complications such as severe burns, strictures and perforation. Physical examination and first endoscopic evaluation are very important in the diagnosis. The objective of this study is to present 154 children who were undergone upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of caustic substance ingestion including descaler, degreaser, unlabeled bleach, drain opener, surface cleaner, dishwasher rinse aid, hydrochloric acid. Sixty-nine children had positive oropharyngeal findings. Sixty-three children were found to have burns in the first endoscopic examination and forty of these burns were severe burn. In the follow-up, twenty children developed strictures that were undergone dilatation program. Fourteen children in the dilatation program had successful dilatation and intralesional steroid injection. However three children had undergone colonic interposition and three undergone laparoscopic gastroduodenostomy and gastrojejunostomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Burns, Chemical/etiology , Caustics/toxicity , Esophagus/injuries , Burns, Chemical/prevention & control , Injury Severity Score , Retrospective Studies
2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(3): 243-247, jun. 2016. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838210

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes/Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si se producía un incremento de la expresión de Bax (proapoptótico) y una disminución de la expresión de Blc-2A1 (antiapoptótico) en el intestino de los recién nacidos con enterocolitis necrosante. Materiales y métodos: Comparamos a ocho pacientes recién nacidos de manera consecutiva sometidos a resección intestinal debido a enterocolitis necrosante con ocho recién nacidos sometidos a resección intestinal debido a atresia ileal. La evaluación histopatológica de la lesión tisular y la apoptosis se realizó mediante microscopía óptica y el método TUNEL. El nivel de ARNm en los genes apoptóticos (CASP3, CASP6, CASP7, Bax, BIRC2) y antiapoptóticos se evaluó con el método de matriz de RCP (PCR array). La expresión de proteínas se evaluó mediante inmunohistoquímica. Resultados: Los puntajes de las lesiones tisulares y los puntajes medios de apoptosis fueron significativamente más altos en el grupo con enterocolitis necrosante en comparación con el grupo de referencia (p < 0,01). La expresión de los genes proapoptóticos aumentó significativamente en el grupo con enterocolitis necrosante frente al grupo de referencia (p < 0,01). La expresión del gen Bcl-2A1 (antiapoptótico) disminuyó significativamente en el grupo con enterocolitis necrosante (p < 0,01). La expresión de las proteínas Bax y CASP3 aumentó significativamente en el grupo con enterocolitis necrosante (p < 0,01). Conclusión: Según nuestros datos, la alteración del equilibrio entre la expresión de Bax (proapoptótico) y la expresión de Bcl-2A1 (antiapoptótico) en el lugar de la lesión es un posible mecanismo de la patogenia en recién nacidos que presentan enterocolitis necrosante.


Background/Aim. The aim of the present study was to find out if there is an increase in the expression of pro-apoptotic Bax and reduction in expression of anti-apoptotic Blc-2A1 in newborn intestines with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Material and Methods. We compared 8 consecutive newborn patients undergoing bowel resection for NEC with 8 neonates undergoing intestinal resection for ileal atresia. Histopathological evaluation of tissue injury and apoptosis was performed by using light microscopic examination and TUNEL method. The mRNA level of apoptotic (CASP3, CASP6, CASP7, Bax, BIRC2) and anti-apoptotic genes were evaluated by PCR array method. Protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results. Tissue injury scores and mean apoptosis scores were significantly higher in NEC group when compared with control group (p <0.01). Expression of pro-apoptotic genes were significantly increased in NEC group when compared with control group (p <0.01). Expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2A1 gene was significantly decreased in NEC group, (p <0.01). Protein expression of Bax and CASP3 was significantly increased in NEC group, (p <0.01). Conclusion. Our data in humannewborns suggest that alteration of the balance between pro-apoptotic Bax expression and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2A1 expression in the site of injury is a possible mechanism in the pathogenesis of NEC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/biosynthesis , Minor Histocompatibility Antigens/physiology , Apoptosis/physiology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/biosynthesis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/physiology , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/metabolism , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/biosynthesis , bcl-2-Associated X Protein/physiology
3.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 41(3): 591-595, May-June 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-755867

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Failed hypospadiass cases may result in hypovascular, scarred penis with residual penile chordee and leave the patient with minimal residual skin for penile resurfacing and urethroplasty. Local tissue expansion has become a good alternative to provide skin for penis by using expanders however they require long periods of time for expansion. Besides, rapid tissue expansion was also described in different tissues. We used rapid intraoperative expansion technique by using a Foley catheter in a failed hypospadias case who had minimal residual skin secondary to infection and we concluded that rapid intraoperative tissue expansion with Foley catheter is an effective, feasible reconstructive method for easy dissection and penile resurfacing in failed hypospadiass cases.

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Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Hypospadias/surgery , Penis/surgery , Tissue Expansion Devices , Tissue Expansion/instrumentation , Urinary Catheters , Urinary Catheterization/instrumentation , Hypospadias/pathology , Reproducibility of Results , Treatment Outcome , Tissue Expansion/methods , Urethra/surgery
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